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Indian Dance
 


Indian dancing relates back to Siva’s role as Nataraj, Lord of the Dance. Lord Siva’s first wife was Sati and when her father, who disliked Siva, insulted him Sati committed suicide in a sacrifice by fire that later took her name. outraged, Siva killed his father-in-law and danced the Tandava-the Dance of Destruction. Later Sati reincarnated as Parvati, married Siva again and danced the Lasya. Thus the Tandava became the male form of dance, the Lasya the female form. Dancing was a part of the religious temple rituals and the dancers were known as deva-dasis. Their dances retold stroeis from the Ramayana or the Mahabharata.

Temple dancing is no longer practised but classical Indian dancing is still based on its religious background. Indian dance is divided into nritta-the rhythmic elements, nritya- the combination of rhythm with expression, and natya –the dramatic element. Nritya is usually expressed through eye, hand and facial movements and with nritta makes up the usual dance programmes. To appreciate natya, dance drama, you have to understand and appreciate Indian legends and mythology.

Dance is divided into four basic forms known as Bharat Natyam, Kathakali, Kathak and Manipuri. Bharat Natyam is further sub-divided into three other classical forms. One of the most popular, it originated in the great temples of the south and usually tells of events in Krishna’s life. Bharat Natyam dancers are usually women and, like the sculptures they take their positions form, always dance bent-kneed, never standing upright, and use a huge repertoire of hand movements. Orissi, Mohini Attam and Kuchipudi are variations of Bharat Natyam which take their names from the places where they originated.

Kathakali, the second major dance form, originated in Kerala and is exclusively dance by men. It tells of epic battles of gods and demons and is as dynamic and dramatic as Bharat Natyam is austere and expressive. Kathakali dancing is noted for the elaborate make-up and painted masks which the dancers wear. They even use special eye-drops to turn their eyes a bloodshot red!

Manipuri dances come, as the name indicates, from the Manipur region in the north-east. These are folk dances and the message is made through body and arm movements. The women dancers wear hoped skirts and conical caps which are extremely picturesque.

The final classical dance type is Kathank, which originated in the north and at first was very similar to the Bharat Natyam school. Persian and Muslim influences later altered the dance from a temple ritual to a courtly entertainment. The dances are performed straight-legged and there are intricately choreographed foot movements to be followed. The ankle bells which dancers wear must be adeptly controlled and the costumes and themes are often similar to those in Moghul miniature paintings.

There are many opportunities to see classical Indian dancing while you are in India. The major hotels often put on performances to which outsiders as well as hotel guests are welcome.

  
 

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